The 10 Essentials of Hiking

Every hike we learn a new lesson, and inevitably we discuss how we should properly load up our bags with some items that “would have been nice to have”.  Sometimes the only way we learn these difficult lessons is the hard way.  Eventually we stumbled upon “The 10 Essentials,” which is a must-know for beginners and a good reminder for seasoned hikers. Here’s a breakdown of what to bring—and why it matters—especially here in unpredictable New England. 

1. Navigation (Map, Compass, GPS)

Trails can get confusing, especially in snow, fog, or low light. Always carry:

• A paper map of the area (laminated or in a ziplock bag)

• A compass—and know how to use it. Ours has a whistle and a thermometer on it too!

• A GPS app like AllTrails, Gaia GPS, or Caltopo (but don’t rely on your phone alone—batteries die quickly in the cold)

New England Tip: Trail blazes can disappear in snowy or foggy conditions—always double-check your route before you go

2. Headlamp (Plus Extra Batteries)

Daylight fades fast—especially in fall and winter. A reliable LED headlamp is essential in case your hike takes longer than expected.  We realized how important this one was when there was an injury in our party while descending Mount Jackson.  Although we made it to the trailhead before sunset the light was getting limited with the tree-cover and heavy clouds.

Pro tip: Don’t rely on your phone flashlight!

3. Sun Protection (Sunglasses, Sunscreen, Lip Balm)

Even in winter, UV rays can be intense—especially when bouncing off snow or water. Pack:

• Polarized sunglasses

• Sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher)

• Lip balm with SPF

• There are also lots of lightweight hiking apparel with UV protection.

4. First Aid Kit

You don’t need a full trauma kit, but a basic first aid kit should include:

• Bandages, antiseptic wipes, blister pads

• Tweezers (for ticks or splinters)

• Pain relievers (like ibuprofen)

• Any personal meds (EpiPens, inhalers, etc.)

Consider taking a basic wilderness first aid course—it’s something we have considered doing but haven’t yet!

5. Knife or Multi-tool

From cutting the extra tag from a ziptie, to fixing a busted hiking pole, a multi-tool or small knife can be a lifesaver.  There are many times a knife comes in handy in the wilderness.

6. Fire (Matches, Lighter, Firestarter)

If you ever need to spend the night outdoors, being able to start a fire is key. Bring:

• Waterproof matches and/or a mini Bic lighter

• If you plan on a fire, you might want to bring something to get it started like some dry paper.

7. Shelter (Emergency Blanket)

Always carry an emergency space blanket or lightweight bivy sack, even on short hikes. It could save your life if you’re injured or lost.  This is more affordable and takes up way less space than you would think.

You can find options that weigh under 4 oz—no excuse not to pack one.

8. Extra Food

Bring more than just enough snacks for your planned hike. Add:

• An extra protein bar or two

• Trail mix or dried fruit

• A meal (like a freeze-dried pack) for longer hikes

New England Bonus: Pack something that won’t freeze solid in winter.

9. Extra Water (and Purification)

Carry at least 2 liters of water, and ideally bring a way to purify more:

• Water filter, tablets, or a LifeStraw are options for purification

• In winter, keep bottles insulated to prevent freezing

Hydration is just as important in the cold—even if you’re not sweating.

10. Extra Clothes

Weather can change fast in the mountains any time of year. Always pack:

• A warm layer; avoid cotton, think fleece or lightweight down.

• Rain shell or windbreaker is always handy!

• Hat and gloves, even in summer for higher elevation hikes (hypothermia is real)

Layering is key—ditch the cotton and go with synthetic or wool.

The 10 Essentials aren’t about fear—they’re about confidence. When you’re prepared, you can explore more boldly, whether you’re tackling a rugged ridge in the Whites or cruising through a forest trail in Rhode Island.  Even if you don’t use all these items every time, you’ll be grateful you packed them when the unexpected hits.

Trail Etiquette 101: How to Avoid Being “That Person” While Skiing, Hiking, or Strolling the Beach

Whether I’m flying down a ski slope, trekking up a mountain, or simply walking on a sidewalk along the beach, I’ve seen my fair share of questionable trail behavior. And let’s face it — we’ve all had those moments where we accidentally break a rule or two. We’re all guilty of it but being aware of these unwritten rules might help you avoid doing it again.

Ragged Mountain

On the Slopes: Skiing and Snowboarding Etiquette

Ah, the mountain — my happy place. But just because we’re all bundled up doesn’t mean we can forget our manners. Here’s how to keep things smooth on the slopes

1.   Lift Line Diplomacy: You’re not merging onto the highway, so no aggressive line-cutting. Keep your crew together, fill the singles line if needed, and if you accidentally step on someone’s skis, offer a quick “oops, my bad!” instead of pretending you didn’t feel it.

2.  Downhill Has the Right of Way: Picture it: You’re gracefully carving turns (okay, maybe not gracefully), and suddenly someone barrels in like. Don’t be that moose. If someone’s ahead of you, give them space — no one likes a surprise tackle.

3.  Park it Responsibly: Need a breather? Pull over to the side of the trail. Stopping in the middle of a run is like parking your car in the middle of a rotary — legal in exactly zero states.

4.  Know Your Limits: If the sign says “Double Black Diamond,” it’s not a dare. It’s a warning. And trust me, your knees will thank you later.

5.  Lodge Etiquette: The lodge is for warming up, not for airing out your socks like you’re drying fish. Be kind, share the table space, and store your bags appropriately. 

Tuckerman Ravine Trail, Mount Washington

On the Trails: Hiking Etiquette

Hiking is my version of therapy — fresh air, good views, and just enough challenge to convince myself I deserve a post-hike burger. But even out in the wild, some rules apply

1.  Yield to the Uphill Warriors: Hiking uphill is basically nature’s version of a StairMaster. If someone is climbing while you’re cruising downhill, step aside and give them a break. Bonus points if you offer a breathless “you’re almost there!” even if they’re obviously not.

2.  Keep It Single File: I love a good trail chat, but blocking the entire path with your hiking buddies is a rookie move. Walk like a polite conga line, not a wall of defensive linemen.

3.  Leave No Trace: I get it — tossing a banana peel “for the animals” feels like a good deed. But unless squirrels have developed compost bins, it’s best to pack it out.

4.  Leash Your Adventure Pup: I’m all for bringing dogs along, but not everyone wants a surprise greeting from your muddy four-legged friend. And if your pup is the type who thinks squirrels are sworn enemies, maybe keep that leash tight.  Also be sure to take your bag of waste with you. No “I’ll grab it on the way back”!

5.  Music Manners: Singing to yourself on the trail? Totally fine. Blasting your playlist like it’s an impromptu forest rave? Not so much.  Let’s let the birds sing the songs, ok?

6. Don’t be a view hog: Everyone hikes the mountain for the view. Once you soak it in, maybe take a photo or seven, then step aside so any other hikers can also enjoy the views.

Charlestown Town Beach, RI

On the Sidewalk: Beach and Boardwalk Etiquette

Not every adventure is on a mountain. Sometimes it’s just a walk along the beach — enjoying the salt air, avoiding sunburn (in theory), and dodging rogue seagulls. But even on the boardwalk, there are a few unspoken rules

1.  Stick to Your Lane: Sidewalks work just like roads. Walk on the right, pass on the left. And no sudden stops! That scenic ocean view will still be there in three steps.

2.  Space Management: Walking four abreast on a sidewalk is a pet peeve of mine. Break it up. Other people would like to avoid doing an awkward sideways shuffle just to pass you. 

3.  Dog Etiquette (Yes, Again): I adore dogs, but the beach is not a choose-your-own-adventure zone. Keep your pup on a leash if required, and for the love of sandy feet, clean up after them.  Be sure to take it away too!

4.  Sunset Serenity: Watching the sunset is practically a sport in New England. If you’re lucky enough to catch one, savor it. And if you must narrate your every thought, maybe wait until the sun dips below the horizon.

Mount Osceola Summit

Whether I’m skiing down a powdery slope, conquering a new hiking trail, or even wandering along the beach with sand somehow already in my shoes, I try to remember one thing: good trail etiquette makes everything better.

A little courtesy goes a long way — and who knows? Maybe your kindness will inspire others to do the same. Plus, fewer angry glares from fellow adventurers? That’s always a win.

Now get out there, follow the rules, and may your trails be clear, your slopes be powdery, and your beach days be seagull-free!